Kosken Marjat Oy, a subsidiary of Alanteen Tila, expanded its cultivation area by acquiring a 6,500-square-meter greenhouse operation in 2025. Kosken Marjat now grows strawberries and raspberries in greenhouses. In Puutarha-Sanomat (4/2026), Aarni Alanne explains that the new cultivation site and earlier production start brought challenges. A solution was sought through oxygen fertilization.

Clean but Oxygen-Poor Irrigation Water

According to Puutarha-Sanomat, the seedlings at the new site initially started growing well, but their vigor faded prematurely. The plants did not develop as expected. Due to weak root formation, the seedlings were unable to absorb sufficient water and nutrients.

The magazine reports that the well water used for irrigation at Kosken Marjat Oy was analyzed and found to be clean, but low in oxygen. This situation is familiar to many growers: groundwater typically contains little oxygen.

Aarni Alanne notes in Puutarha-Sanomat that root development was also weakened by other factors, such as plant diseases, which are partly promoted by oxygen deficiency. Pathogens take advantage of the vulnerability created by a weak root system.

Oxygen Fertilization Restored Seedling Strength Within a Week

After identifying the oxygen deficiency, an EOD Nanoboost oxygen nanobubble generator was installed at Kosken Marjat Oy. The unit is manufactured in Finland and oxygenates irrigation water using nanobubble technology, which stores oxygen in the water in small, slowly dissolving bubbles.

The results became visible quickly. According to Puutarha-Sanomat, within a week of installation, the seedlings’ proper color had returned and they had firmly established themselves in the growing medium.

This change demonstrates how the oxygen content of irrigation water directly affects root system performance. When roots receive sufficient oxygen, they can efficiently absorb water and nutrients, allowing the plant to reach its full potential.

Not All Oxygen Nanobubbles Are Equal

Nanobubble technology has attracted growing interest in horticulture, but there are also misconceptions in the market. EOD’s Sales Director Peter Christiansen explains the difference between nanobubbles as follows:

“The difference between oxygen nanobubbles and air nanobubbles lies in the gases they contain. Air nanobubbles contain, as the name implies, air, which consists of only about 21 percent oxygen and mostly nitrogen. Therefore, they add only a small amount of oxygen that is beneficial to plants. Oxygen nanobubbles, on the other hand, are produced from as pure oxygen as possible, allowing them to contain over 90 percent oxygen and increase the oxygen content of water much more effectively. This is why the same number of bubbles can produce completely different effects on plant growth.”

Service Model Convincing Customers

Kosken Marjat and Alanteen Tila chose EOD’s service model, in which the customer does not purchase the equipment but instead pays a fixed monthly fee for its benefits. This model makes it straightforward to calculate the profitability of the investment, as ROI can be assessed on a monthly basis.

EOD’s first customer in Närpes dates back to 2022, when lettuce grower Conny Söderback Trädgård AB began cooperation under a service agreement. Since then, several similar agreements have been signed both in Finland and internationally. This has been enabled by the advanced automation of the Nanoboost 2.0 oxygen nanobubble generator, whose operation can be continuously monitored around the clock.

“Previously, customers had doubts about new technologies, but in this case the supplier commits to delivering what is promised,” says Christiansen.

Source: Puutarha-Sanomat, No. 4/2026, article “Kosken Marjat keräsi talvituotannosta kokemusta”
Photos: Alanteen Tila

Text: Eija Lankinen

For years, the lettuce farm Conny Söderbacks Trädgård Ab Oy suffered heavy losses caused by Pythium. The situation changed in 2022 when the farm introduced EOD Nanoboost. Since then, production volumes have improved significantly—by up to 30%. Read below how Nanoboost helped save their business.

Courage Is Needed to Try Something New

Conny Söderbacks Trädgård Ab Oy is located in Northern part of Pirttikylä in the municipality of Maalahti. The company grows iceberg lettuce using modern methods on more than 9,000 m² of greenhouse area. All production is sold to Fresh Servant Ltd, whose contract grower the company has been since 2013. Fresh Servant is a Finnish food company specializing in fresh, ready-packed salads and meal solutions.

Efficiency is a key focus on the farm — something that is essential given today’s production costs. The cultivation is done in gutters that move automatically as the crop grows. Workers don’t need to move; the gutters come to them, and the lettuce is always harvested at the same end of the line.

Iceberg lettuce, a cross between crisphead and leaf lettuce, is one of the most important greenhouse crops in Finland. It has a fast growing cycle and a steady demand all year round. Despite the quick turnover, challenges remain — especially root diseases, with Pythium being the most notorious.

“A grower who has experienced Pythium knows what hell is,” – says owner Conny Söderback.

The horticultural sector has faced many challenges in recent years — from COVID-19 to the war in Ukraine and the energy crisis. Conny Söderbacks Trädgård has felt the impact of all of these. On top of that, the farm struggled with severe Pythium problems.

“We decided to try adding oxygen nanobubbles to our irrigation water because we had already tried everything else against Pythium,” Conny explains. “In 2022, energy prices were extremely high, and our production was collapsing.” He had heard about nanobubbles already in 2019, but it took time before the farm was ready to test them.

“Pythium, a genus of microscopic organisms belonging to the oomycetes, is an extremely difficult plant disease. In lettuce it appears as poor growth, and the roots are almost nonexistent. Eventually, something had to be done,” Conny says.

Pythium is very common in hydroponic systems and very hard to control. It can survive in structures, pipelines, and biofilm, which is always present to some extent in irrigation systems. Even thorough disinfection often fails to eliminate it fully—and stopping production completely is rarely financially feasible.

Nanoboost Saved the Production

The farm introduced the EOD Nanoboost system at the end of December 2022. Immediately after commissioning, they noticed significant improvements in production volumes and especially in lettuce growth rates.

“Since we started oxygen fertilization with Nanoboost, neither Pythium nor any other root diseases have caused us any problems,” Conny says with relief.

The farm adopted Nanoboost through a service agreement. For many growers, this is an ideal solution, as Conny explains—it doesn’t put too much strain on cash flow at once. There’s no need to take out a large bank loan, which growers don’t always obtain easily. Payments are handled monthly.

“The service agreement has worked excellently for us. Everything has gone smoothly with EOD. We are very satisfied with the cooperation,” Conny notes.

Oxygen fertilization benefits growers of all sizes — not just large units. Conny Söderbacks Trädgård is a great example of this. EOD is ready to support growers of all scales in improving their production.

“I know that many colleagues struggle with the same problems we used to have. Now we see light ahead, so I encourage others to try adding oxygen nanobubbles to irrigation water. It’s wonderful to be able to sleep well again,” Conny concludes.

Photos by Conny Söderback and Fresh Servant archive

Text: Henna Niskakoski, Chief Scientific Officer, EOD Oy

Kitsböle Home Farm is open and willing to try new farming techniques. The farm has operated without pesticides since the beginning, relying solely on biological control. When Erno heard about EOD’s oxygenation technology, he was immediately interested. Kitsböle Home Farm is EOD’s first commercial garden customer, already since 2022.

“The efficacy of plant protection products is constantly decreasing and they are being removed from the market. Perhaps the most important idea behind our decision to introduce oxygen nanobubble technology was that we can strengthen our production with purely biological measures. We want to be able to do this without biocides when we are, so to speak, in the middle of the green transition,” says Erno about the Kitsböle farm’s decision to explore the new oxygenation technology solution.

Finnish consumers are increasingly aware and want to eat products grown without pesticides. Finnish berries, fruits, and vegetables are generally among the cleanest in the world, but new sustainable methods are needed to improve yields and the profitability of plant production. It is not a simple task to rely solely on biological farming methods but it requires foresight.

Erno has a feeling that plant diseases in particular can rear their heads when growing conditions are unbalanced, and oxygen supplementation can help to restore the balance. “Before oxyfertigation, gray mold and powdery mildew could ruin up to 30 % of the strawberry harvest. Now powdery mildew is almost gone, and gray mold only occurs in the fall, when the weather gets cooler and the humidity is constantly high. That’s when it’s already time to wrap up the season anyway,” Erno comments and continues, “Every fall, we always think in retrospect about what went wrong this year. With the addition of oxygen, there are significantly fewer things to worry about and the yield per hectare has increased year after year, even though oxyfertigation cannot prevent insect damage. There are always some small worries, but now every summer is a good summer.”

Oxyfertigation has been found to have also other practical effects that make work easier, and the impact of stress factors on the harvest is less. Elina says that oxygen enriched irrigation water gives, among other things, a little more flexibility when estimating the amount of overwatering: The idea of ​​overwatering is to remove excess fertilizers from the growing medium. However, if you water too much, the growth conditions of the root system can easily become oxygen-deficient, so the oxygen nanobubbles in the irrigation water ensures that the plant has good conditions to grow healthy, and the risks of overwatering are not so significant.

Oxygen nanobubble technology was introduced at Kitsböle Home Farm in 2022 as a part of an EIP cooperation project led by Satakunta University of Applied Sciences. At the beginning of the project, in the 2022 harvest season, only a few strawberry rows received oxygen nanobubbles with the irrigation water, while in the third year of the study in 2024, only a few control rows were left without oxygen nanobubbles. Since the summer of 2025, all rows have received oxyfertigation throughout each irrigation of the season.

Strawberries are grown in tunnels in two layers in grow bags, where about 30 % of moss and wood fiber has been mixed with peat for several years now. “Cultivation in two layers increases the production efficiency of the production area, although the seedlings in the lower trough still produce an average of 25 % less yield than the seedlings in the upper trough, because, among other things, they receive less light and grow closer to the ground with higher humidity. The direction is right, but it is still possible to improve the production result by optimizing the conditions, especially in the lower troughs,” Elina says.

Since 2022, the strawberry harvest has increased every year. In 2025, when all strawberries received oxygen nanobubbles within the irrigation water, the harvest was 40 % higher when comparing to year 2022. The significant increase in production achieved through oxyfertigation strengthens the profitability of continuous-yield tunnel strawberry production produced using biological methods and encourages us to meet the requirements of both customers and the Green Transition for clean food production. Erno believes that the strong growth will continue and is already thinking about the coming season. “In 2025, we produced 53 thousand kilograms of strawberries per hectare, next year our goal is to achieve a yield of 60 thousand kilograms per hectare,” he estimates.

Both Erno and Elina are happy to share their experience with oxygen nanobubbles, and you can ask them for practical tips if you are considering using EOD oxygen nanobubble solution at your own farm. “You can always learn something new from discussions with other farmers,” says Elina, commenting on her interest in sharing her cultivation knowledge. Leave us a message using the contact form and we will forward you the contact details of Kitsböle Home Farm to have a direct discussion with them.

Learn more about the Kitsböle home farm here

Photos: Kitsböle Home Farm archives

Text: Eija Lankinen

Horticultural crop cultivation faces constant new challenges: climate change, plant diseases, and resource scarcity demand innovative solutions from growers. One promising technology for improving yields is the use of nanobubbles in irrigation water.

Nanobubbles typically refer to bubbles smaller than 200 nm—gas-filled cavities in water that usually contain air or oxygen. Normal water bubbles rise quickly to the surface and burst, whereas hydrophobic nanobubbles maintain their shape much longer, storing oxygen in the water and increasing its overall oxygen concentration.

There are only a few companies in Europe that add oxygen to water. Finland also has a technology developer, EOD Europe, which has worked extensively with research institutes and growers to find solutions to cultivation challenges.

“Nanobubbles not only increase the oxygen content of water but also improve the aeration of the growing medium, as they remain in the substrate,” explains Henna Niskakoski, Scientific Director at EOD Europe.
“In addition, our trials have shown that nanobubbles reduce biofilm formation in pipelines—the accumulation of organic matter. When biofilm decreases, fertilizers become more effective,” she continues. Drip or trickle emitters stay cleaner, reducing the need for maintenance.

Plant Resilience Improves with Fertigation

Adding oxygen to irrigation water—fertigation—has been studied relatively little. EOD’s research has found that plants use nutrients more efficiently, and fertilizer amounts can be reduced by 10–20%. Because nanobubbles lower water’s surface tension, water becomes more accessible to plants. These results align with international studies.

“Oxygen improves nutrient uptake and increases stress tolerance. We’ve also seen that root microbes multiply and overall plant health improves, which boosts both yield quantity and quality,” Henna adds.

Measuring Oxygen Levels in Water Pays Off

Professional growers monitor many factors, but rarely the oxygen level of irrigation water. Although Finnish water quality is often excellent, blind trust is not advisable.

Many farms draw irrigation water from sources where oxygen levels are already low.

“Moreover, oxygen levels always drop as temperature rises, and the smaller the water source, the faster it warms,” Henna notes.

Typically, irrigation water has a dissolved oxygen (DO) level of about 5–8 mg/L. If all other growing conditions are optimal, an unrestricted oxygen level would ideally be 11–20 mg/L. As water temperature rises, oxygen solubility decreases rapidly, and pathogens thrive better in warm water.

Several methods exist for producing nanobubbles in water. EOD’s oxygenation technology is based on a hydrodynamic process that mimics natural oxygen transfer. In this method, oxygen gas separated from air is mixed with water, and a pressure change creates nanobubbles.

“We chose this method because it’s easy to maintain and tolerates slightly larger particles. Our goal was to provide growers with a long-lasting fertigation system that meets farm needs and operates fully automatically,” Henna explains. The EOD system is developed, designed, and manufactured in Finland, and its remote monitoring ensures fast support.

Is Investing in Nanobubbles Worth It?

Erno Mikkola, owner of Kitsbölen Kotitila in Sauvo, has used oxygen enrichment in irrigation water for nearly four years. During this time, yields have increased annually, and common strawberry diseases have remained under control. The farm draws irrigation water from a nearby pond, where oxygen levels are very low during warm weather—sometimes as low as 4 mg/L.

“Our irrigation water quality isn’t ideal. In 2022, when EOD contacted us, we joined a project testing the effects of oxygen enrichment. The first results were promising, so we decided to continue trials on our farm,” Erno recalls.

Initially, oxygen enrichment was applied to a small test area. When yields improved, the treated area was expanded, and now all tunnel zones receive oxygen-enriched water.

“System implementation was easy, and now we monitor oxygen levels routinely. They stay between 14–20 mg/L on average,” Erno says.

According to EOD, average yield increases in berry farms and greenhouses have been about 5–15%. Growers know that many factors influence yield.

“Fertigation isn’t a miracle cure. But when other growth factors are in place, fertigation can boost productivity on the same area. It’s actually a very ecological solution,” Erno reflects. The farm has also observed a significant reduction in diseases such as powdery mildew.
“Overall, we’re very satisfied with the investment,” Erno concludes.

Images: Eija Lankinen and EOD archives

The original article was published in the 2026 Horticultural Calendar.

Text: Eija Lankinen

Nevalanmäki Berry Farm has been cultivating berries since 2010 and was among the first to adopt the then-new growing technique of tunnel cultivation in 2014. Today, berries are grown on 2.5 hectares, of which 0.5 hectares are raspberries and the rest strawberries. This past season, the farm boldly took another step forward by investing in a Finnish EOD nano-oxygen generator, Nanoboost.

“We had heard about the nano-oxygen device and its benefits, and instead of expanding the farm with new tunnels, we decided to focus on improving the efficiency of our existing area,” says Teresa Majuri, co-owner of Nevalanmäki Berry Farm. Teresa and her husband Jyrki grow strawberries and raspberries in Kytökylä, Haapavesi. Most berries are sold wholesale to local S- and K-chain stores, and the farm also has its own sales points in shops.

“We stopped open-field cultivation last year and now focus solely on tunnel cultivation. Our three sons also help with farm work,” Teresa adds. “In tunnels, conditions can be controlled much better compared to open fields. The quality of the berries is also superior.”

Before deciding on the nano-oxygen generator investment, the farm measured the oxygen level in irrigation water using a device borrowed from Schetelig. As on many farms, the oxygen level was very low—only 2.5 mg/l, while the target is at least 8 mg/l, preferably higher. “We use groundwater, which explains the low oxygen level. Such low oxygen definitely affects plant health and growth,” Teresa notes. “Now we aim to keep irrigation water at 20 mg/l initially. Even though oxygen decreases in the pipes, our measurements never dropped below 10 mg/l.”

Yields Increased and Input Use Decreased

Nevalanmäki Berry Farm keeps detailed records of inputs and yields year by year. “Fertilizer use this season was about 25% lower than in previous years. We also used less irrigation water, which may explain the difference,” Teresa reflects.

“We also made better use of biological growth enhancers like Lalstop. Strawberry plants were clearly healthier throughout the season, and we reduced pesticide use by up to one-third. The only real issue this year was thrips, which made it hard to assess the late season for everbearing varieties. Still, overall strawberry yield was 10% higher, and for some varieties even 20–30%. With this kind of yield increase, the nano-oxygen device pays for itself in a year,” Teresa calculates.

Tips for Those Considering a Nano-Oxygen Investment

Accuracy in calculations is key when planning new investments. Teresa recommends measuring irrigation water oxygen levels and reminds that every farm is different. “We use coarse peat as a growing medium, and irrigation amounts could be reduced thanks to nano-oxygen water—at least based on this summer’s experience. Of course, other substrates may behave differently,” she notes.

“For us, this summer’s results were positive for strawberries, our main crop. For raspberries, results weren’t as good, but there could be many reasons. After the season, we’ll take a short break and then think about how to improve next year, also with nano-oxygen water,” Teresa says.

Running trials on farms is challenging since irrigation water either contains nano-bubbles or doesn’t. “We think a lower level of precision is fine for a production farm. We’re very happy we made this investment. It’s also ecological to unlock the full yield potential of the plants,” Teresa concludes.

Towards Even Better Yields

Text and photos: Eija Lankinen and Nevalanmäki archives

With Finnish EOD’s nano-bubble oxygen solution, irrigation water gains properties that promote plant health. The solution strengthens plants’ natural defenses and reduces pesticide needs—protecting soil and waterways from unnecessary chemical load. At the same time, profitability improves as yield and quality increase significantly.

Text: Eija Lankinen

Johan Prinsén is a cucumber and tomato farm located in Närpiö, Finland, operating with a philosophy of maximum efficiency and meticulous care. The farm gained attention in early 2025 for setting a world record in cucumber production, measured in kilograms per square meter. According to HortiDaily, the average yield in the Netherlands is 70.52 kg/m², while Oy Johan Prinsén Ab achieved an astonishing 256 kg/m² in 2025.

Can the record still be improved? This interview explores what happened at the farm during the 2025 growing season.

Johan Prinsén Ab – Three Generations of Vegetable Farming

Located in Piolahti, Närpiö, the Johan Prinsén farm has been growing vegetables for over three decades. The company has been actively involved in the Närpiön Vihannes growers’ cooperative since its founding, and all products are sold through the cooperative.

In addition to father Johan, the farm is run by his two sons. Jesper Prinsén shares insights into the current state of the farm:

“We currently grow cucumbers in three different greenhouses,” Jesper explains. “The largest one was built in 2015 and is 1.08 hectares in size. The smaller ones were built in 2006 and 2023, with sizes of 0.28 and 0.72 hectares respectively. All three greenhouses operate year-round, though they have slightly different lighting setups,” Jesper adds.

Lighting Technology Supporting Year-Round Cultivation

Lighting plays a crucial role in year-round cultivation. Johan Prinsén uses energy-efficient LED lights, while the smaller greenhouses still utilize hybrid lighting—both traditional HPS lamps and LEDs. In January 2025, the largest greenhouse (1.08 ha) transitioned fully to LED lighting.

“We replace the cucumber crops three times a year in all greenhouses, but never all at once. It’s important for us to maintain continuous product delivery to our customers,” Jesper emphasizes.

Benefits of Nanobubbles Observed at the Farm

The farm has always aimed to evolve and improve its cultivation practices, relying on top-tier partners. The Nanoboost system was installed in August 2024.

“We learned about Nanoboost system through EOD reseller, with whom we’ve had a close partnership for years. We wanted to invest in Nanoboost because we believe—and have now seen firsthand—that oxygen-rich water promotes plant health,” Jesper explains. “Our collaboration with reseller and EOD has been smooth, and we haven’t encountered any major issues with the device.”

“We wanted to invest in Nanoboost because we believe—and have now seen firsthand—that oxygen-rich water promotes plant health.” – Jesper Prinsén

During the winter of 2024–2025, the farm experienced some Pythium disease, but according to Jesper, the issues were relatively minor. They believe this was due to the more oxygen-rich water. The crops have been healthier, and yields have been increasing in recent years.

“We haven’t done detailed calculations on savings or the impact of nanobubbles. But since the yield per square meter has increased after implementing Nanoboost, profitability is likely to improve as well,” Jesper estimates.

Step-by-Step Cultivation Development

To keep changes manageable and effects clear, the farm avoids implementing multiple changes at once. Prinsén follows a one-step-at-a-time approach.

“In the newest 0.72-hectare greenhouse, we’ve made only one change in the past year—the introduction of the Nanoboost system. We believe it’s important to proceed one change at a time to better observe the effects,” Jesper says. “We’re willing to wait for results,” he emphasizes.

Last summer’s challenging weather conditions also affected the Prinsén greenhouses.

“During the heatwave, some cucumber plants died, and we experienced a slight dip in yield. However, it wasn’t a disaster,” Jesper notes. He believes oxygen-rich water helped the plants better withstand the heat.

“Only one change was made in the greenhouse this past year—the introduction of the Nanoboost system. We believe it’s important to proceed one change at a time to better observe the effects.” – Jesper Prinsén

Toward Even Better Yields

“We feel that Nanoboost helps us achieve even better yields through improved plant health,” Jesper concludes.

Text and photos: Eija Lankinen and EOD archive

With the Finnish EOD’s oxygen nanobubble solution, irrigation water gains properties that promote plant well-being. The solution strengthens plants’ natural defenses and reduces the need for pesticides—protecting soil and waterways from unnecessary chemical loads. At the same time, profitability improves as yield and quality increase significantly.

Text: Eija Lankinen

Tyrvännön Marja ja Vihannes Oy is a company founded in 1995, currently cultivating strawberries and raspberries on approximately 8 hectares in tunnels at their home farm and in Lepaa. The cultivation operations are managed by founder Jussipekka Markkanen and his daughter Eeva, while the main owner Eino Markkanen handles leadership, sales, and marketing. The company discontinued open-field strawberry cultivation in 2022, and vegetables are no longer part of the production.

Tyrvännön Marja ja Vihannes was among the first companies in Finland to start tunnel cultivation of raspberries. Their goal is to operate efficiently and maximize the use of every square meter, which has led them to invest in solutions that enhance productivity.

The company can be considered a pioneer in many respects. Jussipekka, Eino, and Eeva regularly attend horticultural events across Europe and actively follow the latest industry news.

Why Did They Become Interested in Nanobubble Water?

– While visiting exhibitions in Europe, we came across nanobubbles and their effects on irrigation water, says Jussipekka. He has also read related news in publications like HortiDaily and followed the success of other companies using nanobubbles with great interest. – We were particularly interested in the technology because we wanted to improve the quality of our irrigation water. At our home farm, the water is sourced from a man-made reservoir, and its oxygen level has been as low as 2–3 mg/l, while the target is at least 11 mg/l. We made this investment with the goal of significantly reducing the risks caused by plant diseases, Jussipekka

A Successful Investment

Founder Jussipekka Markkanen is pleased with the growth results achieved using oxygen nanobubble water.

Effects on Plant Wellbeing and Yield

One of the most notable observations during the growing season was the significant reduction in leaf edge burn. – Leaf edge burn, caused by calcium deficiency, is typical for our most cultivated strawberry variety, Favori. This year, its occurrence was much lower, which was also evident in the plant analyses we conduct every other week during the season. When the root system is healthy, calcium transport improves, Jussipekka describes.

Another nutrient-related observation was that certain micronutrient supplements were unusually unnecessary this year.

Despite varying weather conditions, plant diseases remained under control throughout the season. For example, powdery mildew appeared only at the very end of the season, and no root diseases were observed in strawberries.

– In raspberries, some root disease caused by Phytophthora was detected, but this was due to the plant material. Even then, the situation was not entirely lost – perhaps nanobubbles helped there too, Jussipekka reflects.

It was also observed that the average size and yield of strawberries were higher. – We always calculate our investments carefully, and even a 2% increase in yield is enough to cover the cost of the nanobubble device. Based on the first summer’s experience, we can say the investment was successful, Jussipekka states.

Things to Consider for Those Thinking About Investing in Nanobubbles

Tyrvännön Marja ja Vihannes chose a domestic supplier for their nanobubble device. – “It was important for us that the equipment is easy to maintain and that we can get service support from Finland if needed. I also recommend adding a DO sensor to the system, which allows for more precise control of oxygen levels in the intermediate tank,” says Jussipekka.

It’s good to remember that while oxygen enrichment in irrigation water has shown positive results, it cannot fix fundamental cultivation errors. Cultivation skills cannot be emphasized enough. Nanobubbles can improve existing conditions, but if other aspects are not in order, they cannot magically make things better. – If the farm’s cultivation techniques are otherwise solid, oxygen fertilization can further enhance production efficiency, Jussipekka concludes.

Text and photos: Eija Lankinen

With the Finnish EOD oxygen nanobubble solution, irrigation water gains properties that promote plant wellbeing. The solution strengthens plants’ natural defenses and reduces the need for pesticides – protecting soil and waterways from unnecessary chemical loads. At the same time, cultivation profitability improves as yield and quality increase significantly.